How Is Family Honor Portrayed in the Novels Chronicle of a...

How is family honor portrayed in the novels Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Marquez and Like Water for Chocolate by Laura Esquivel? Honor can be perceived in different ways – to some it may be the integrity of their beliefs, while to others it may be a source of dignity and social distinction. In the context of Chronicle of a Death Foretold and Like Water for Chocolate, which are both set in Latin American cultures, the adherence to family honor and values are viewed as one of the highest moral obligations. Events and characters in both novels revolve around the notion of fulfilling the expectations brought on by the honor of family traditions. This idea of honor and its excessive bearing on morality is a questionable concept†¦show more content†¦In both novels, marriage is seen by society as an obligation of honor rather than an act of love. This is illustrated in Like Water for Chocolate when, after announcing that â€Å"it was impossible for Tita to marry† [Esquivel, pg. 13], Mama Elena stated, â€Å"let me suggest my daughter Rosaura†¦ She is one hundred percent available, and rea dy for marriage† [Esquivel, pg. 13]. The ease in which Mama Elena was able to â€Å"suggest† Rosaura for marriage without even conferring with either of the daughters, along with the italicized â€Å"She†, implies that she has complete control over whether and whom their daughters would marry. This implication portrays marriage as a tool at Mama Elena’s disposal. Furthermore, the context in which she uses the word â€Å"ready† shows that marriage is viewed as a duty which one prepares for, similar to any household chore, this is even illustrated by the characters within the novel when Chencha exclaimed â€Å"Your ma talks about being ready for marriage like she was dishing up a plate of enchiladas!† [Esquivel, pg. 14]. Similarly in Chronicle of a Death Foretold, the Vicario sisters are described as â€Å"better-reared† and â€Å"perfect† [Esquivel, pg. 31] - referring to their piety and ability to provide for a family. The narrator ironically claimed, â€Å"The brother’s were brought up to be men. The daughters were brought up to be married† – the blatant tone of this

Darwin Symphony Orchestra Target Groups †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Darwin Symphony Orchestra Target Groups? Answer: Introduction The Darwin Symphony Orchestrais a large instrumental ensemblethat is based in Darwin, Australia. It was established in the year 1989. It has successfully maintained its presence in its industry and it has performed in numerous parts of the globe including Jabiru, Tennant Creek, Alice Springs, Groote Eylandt, etc. Its activities in the community play an important role in enriching the Australian culture. It performs 8 concerts on an annual basis. It includes over 65 volunteer musicians in its group who live and work inside the Darwin community. It believes in holding concerts at most remote locations and crosses all kinds of cultural boundaries (Assefa, Hermes Meesters, 2013). The orchestrais involved in exhilarating events that bring a diverse set of musicians and artists on the forefront and provide a dynamic and engaging experience to the community. It is vital to understand their marketing skills and strategies in a number of contexts like business to business activity and business to consumer activity. As per Bolton, Santos Scheinkman, this assessment activity will help to understand Darwin Symphony Orchestras marketing situation and various kinds of challenges that if faces in the current business scenario. It also focuses on the different target groups of the orchestra team (Bolton, Santos Scheinkman, 2016). The marketing mix which is a crucial aspect of any business enterprising existing in the market has been identified so that different strategies can be understood which has helped it to have a sustainable growth in the ever-changing external environment. In the current times when many orchestras are going bankrupt and shutting their business, the strong performance of Darwin Symphony Orchestrais mainly due to its effective marketing tactics which will be covered below. Darwin symphony orchestra Target Groups As per Charwand, et al, one of the most significant marketing activities of the orchestra marketers is the identification of appropriate target groups in the existing market. This activity is important since it moulds the business further marketing model and operations. The core for the existence of the Darwin symphony orchestra and its live performances of masterpieces is its target group (Charwand, et al., 2015). The target groups of the orchestra mostly focuses on the entire market comprising of individuals and groups that are interested in this specific art form. It comprises of different kinds of stakeholders encompassing children, youth, adults, disabled patrons, potential and existing music composers, media, local community, funding bodies, local and national government, etc. The orchestra group also focus on maintaining a health public relation so that the news media will give a proper coverage for its events and activities (Day, Harris Wassink, 2013). Key target groups The key target groups include a variety of set of sections that influence the performance of the orchestra. The audiences are one of the most significant stakeholders of the Darwin Symphony Orchestra since the orchestra exists to serve them. Some of the important target groups of the popular Australian continent have been covered in this section. Audience According to Droli, et al, the target audience includes the core audience, first-time orchestra visitors, non committed members, special occasion audience, high potentials, etc. The audience includes people from different age groups including children, adults, middle-aged audience, elder generation audience, etc. (Droli, et al., 2014). Its huge target audience focus helps it to have a sustainable growth in the ever-changing market. Its focus on a diverse and culturally significant model helps it to target the entire market which includes thousands of music lovers. Media The unique and bold projects that are conducted by the orchestra at various remote locations like Uluru, etc increase the role of media like journalists, news agents from around the world who cover the story. Its focus on a variety of musical taste and style amuses this section of the target market (Duncan, 2016). Local-based arts organisationsThe Darwin Symphony Orchestras collaboration with different art organisations and educational institutes offers different opportunities for the Australian community to engage with this orchestra group like participating in its frequent performance with the community music, dance ensembles. Its regular association with indigenous artists adds to its diversified performance (Fung, Zhou Zhu, 2016). State and Federal Government These bodies are vital for the sustainable existence of the Darwin Symphony orchestra since a major part of its funds come from the state and federal government of Australia. Market Buyer behaviour of Business to Customer Market As per Game Gregoriou, the business to customer model is a vital model which focuses on the transactions that occur between a business undertaking and a customer. It is vital to understand this concept in the Darwin Symphony Orchestrascenario so that accordingly an effective marketing mix system can be devised (Game Gregoriou, 2016). It is vital in this scenario to understand the buying behaviours of the end-users or audience of the orchestra. This concept basically focuses on the audience group including the music lovers who come to enjoy the performances. Key Concepts and Theories The buyer decision-making process involves a number of sub processes like to understand the innate desire to watch a musical performance with family, friends, etc, the process of searching and gathering information relating to the available options in hand like kinds of orchestra performance, musical concerts, etc, evaluating and choosing out of the various entertainment options available at hand, deciding the best alternative which meets his needs and desires, finally making the purchase of the specific service in order to have an enriching experience and finally making a post-purchase evaluation to understand whether the purchase decision was right or wrong. According to Hamadani Janes, Patrick Dotsika, the Darwin Symphony orchestra takes all these processes into consideration before devising its marketing strategy to attract the customers in the market. The customer motivation is a vital aspect which refers to the inner-drive of the customer i.e. audience in this case which creates his inclination towards arts and creative performances. Generally the attribute of the orchestra audience is their liking for artistic performance (Hamadani Janes, Patrick Dotsika, 2014).The perception that the people have towards the Darwin Symphony orchestra plays a vital role for its sustainable growth in the market. Since it offers a delightful experience to its target groups by focusing on a diversified portfolio of activities, the customers or audiences have a positive perception regarding its creative performances. As per Hes Polednkov, the customer-set gain knowledge about the orchestra and its performance from various sources including different forms of media such as journalists, news channels, agents, family and friends who have visited the Darwin Symphony orchestra before. These inputs give them an idea about the kind of performances that are conducted by the group and its unique attributes (Hes Polednkov, 2013). The group and social influencing factors also plays a vital role in the buying behaviour of a customer. Positive and favourable reviews motivate the customer to visit the orchestra and have a firsthand experience of the quality performances, concerts and events that are conducted by the Darwin Symphony orchestra. Importance of Psychological theory related to buying behaviour B2C The various psychological aspects play a vital role in the overall buying behaviour of the customer. It includes aspects like motivation and need, perception, attention, retention, learning and conditioning and beliefs and attitude. This is a vital aspect for any marketer including the Darwin Symphony orchestra since it determines their sustainability in the external market environment. Motivation The motivation factor for the audience of Darwin Symphony orchestra would be the inclination and liking of diverse events and performances that are conducted by the orchestra group. This is not a very basic need in the Maslow's hierarchical pyramid of needs so its priority is not very high. Perception, Attention, Retention This aspect of the psychological theory relates to the impression that the consumers have about an offering in the market based on information. The Darwin Symphony orchestra has the strong reputation of delivering enriching and rich performances which are loved by its audience group. This work of mouth helps it to have a positive and strong position in the minds of the consumers. Learning and Conditioning The advertisement and media coverage aspect of a business helps consumers to make decisions whether to select its product or not. Darwin Symphony orchestra always fascinates the media with its unique events and location selection strategy. The media highly appreciates and tries to cover all its concerts, shows to help it gain a stronger customer base in the market. Belief and Attitude The Darwin Symphony orchestra has successfully created a strong brand which helps the audience and customers to belief in its delivery of service. It creates strong values which attracts customers in form of audiences to its business. As per Kumar, the other personal factors that influence the buying behaviour of the customer section of the overall community include their personality, emotional aspects, behaviour and attitude. These internal attributes that are inbuilt in an individual encourage or discourage a customer to try out something new that is available in the market scenario (Kumar, 2013). So the positive inclination towards art or musical form encourages the audience group to visit one of the most popular orchestra present in Australia - Darwin Symphony Orchestra. Darwin Symphony Orchestra model According to Kumar Nordin, the impressive set of activities that are conducted by the orchestra group such as indoor symphonic shows, free outdoor family-oriented activities, etc make sure that some activity or the other, suits the tastes of every participant of the community. It allows the masses to experience the majesty of the symphony orchestra in the modern times and environment (Kumar Nordin, 2014, July). This orchestra adopts a strong tradition of advocating the Australian arts, culture and music. Its emphasis on the value of accessibility, community volunteering and energetic ambience has played a vital role for enabling the orchestra group to flourish for over 25 long years. The Darwin Symphony Orchestra has slowly and steadily established itself as one of the most diverse and culturally influencing orchestra or musical association that focuses on its entire audience group from different corners of the location (Lee, McNulty Shaffer, 2015). Events held by Darwin Symphony Orchestra Some of the creative events held by the Australian orchestra group have been included in this section so that it would give a better understanding of their tactic to satisfy the needs and desire of the general audience (Mbawuni Nimako, 2014). The orchestra performs outdoor gala events at its beautiful and glorious setting ofDarwin Waterfront, it conducts a number of symphonic rock tributes which is highly popular among the masses that enjoy rock shows and concerts,it also organises events where kids stories are told through music. It also explores the power of cinema and showcases the most successful pieces from different film composers (Mclaughlin Fearon, 2013). This list just shows its focus on different sections of the customers including children, movie buffs, family-oriented audience, etc. It believes that all its customers should enjoy the classical experience offered by the orchestra and it firmly believes in its ability to enthral the audiences including the young and the old. Recommendations for Marketing Mix in Business to Customer Market The marketing mix of any business undertaking is a crucial marketing tool which directly influences the performance of the business in the market. In the specific case relating to the Darwin Symphony Orchestra the below marketing mix elements namely product, price, place and promotion have been recommended that can enhance its business to a greater degree. Product The events of the orchestra group are already unique in nature but it should also try to highlight the cultural aspects of other places and locations so the audience within the community will be exposed to different kinds of cultural models that are present in the current time. This feature in its events will further arouse the interest of the foreign people who live in the continent (Meyer, 2014). Price The orchestra group can introduce a broader range of the prices of its tickets so that its performances can be enjoyed by a greater section of the society. This strategy will further enhance its position and presence in the market. Place The Darwin Symphony Orchestra can focus on conducting shows and events in more number of locations which will help it to strengthen its presence in the entire Australian continent. Promotion The orchestra group can try to increase its association with the active and popular musical artists who perform in the entertainment industry since this kind of strategy will expand its overall presence and recognition quality. All the above recommendations relating to the marketing mix of Darwin Symphony Orchestracan be adopted in its marketing strategy and business environment in order to have a better and effective presence. Market Buyer behaviour of Business to Business model As per Mukerjee, the business to business marketing model is very different from the business to customer concept. When a business, in this case the popular Darwin Symphony orchestra focuses on a specific business instead of an individual customer it adopts the business-to-business marketing model. This aspect itself increases its performance and operation magnitude in the external business environment. In the situation where there are two or more business entities the transaction value increases (Mukerjee, 2013). Since every market has two segments namely consumer market and business market, it is vital for the Darwin Symphony orchestra to identify its business markets and analyse the business buying behaviour (Ortiz, 2014). It is vital to understand that the business buying behaviour of an entity is influenced by a series of external and internal factors such as economic health, business entity, individual and other interpersonal elements. Key Elements of buyer behaviour According to Osula Ng, the economic factors that affect the business to business model of the Darwin Symphony Orchestra include the changes in the regulatory system, technological innovations, competition intensity, monetary policy and fiscal policy in the economy. Its business customers are pretty active in tracking and assessing the number of economic elements that exist in the business environment (Osula Ng, 2014). The internal firm-level factors also play a major role in influencing their buying behaviour, for example size of business, financial strength, etc. It is crucial to identify and analyse the various elements which play a key role to influence the buying behaviour of the business customers of Darwin Symphony Orchestra. The buying process that is involved in this particular marketing model is based on much rational grounds as compared to the business to customer system. There is no case of impulse buying in this scenario since a large number of factors and their bearing on the business has to be considered before a business entity becomes a customer of an orchestra business, in this case Darwin Symphony Orchestra (Pietrasie?ski ?lusarczyk, 2015). Some of the vital and common business customers of Darwin Symphony Orchestra include their location partners who give them the desired platform to perform on, different educational institutions, domestic and territory-based arts organisations, etc. Importance of Psychological theory related to buying behaviour B2B In the business to business context, the psychological aspects play a less vital role in the overall buying behaviour of the business customer. The overall concept remains similar since it involves the identification of need, product specification and evaluation of suppliers, purchase decision and post purchase behaviour. But it is not related to the psychological aspects but business-oriented aspects. Need Identification It is vital irrespective of the fact whether buyer is a business or a customer. Businesses are able to proactively identify their need since it is part of their overall business strategy. Example The business which offers a background to the orchestra will analyse its performance trend in market and accordingly decide to have a business relation. Product specification and evaluation of suppliers It has no psychological impact since businesses mainly focus on money-making activity and maintaining profitability in market. Purchase decision The purchase decision is based on the actual needs which can enhance their market position in the market so in such situation there is minimum psychological impact while selecting an offering in the market. Thus the psychological theories are more relevant in the business to customer market instead of the business too business market. Unpacking buyer behaviour model The proper and effective assessment of the buying behaviour is vital for any business entity that exists in the market. This activity can determine its overall business operations and productivity in the entire market. For the Darwin Symphony Orchestra group it is vital to understand and analyse its business buyer elements and characteristics and the business buyer decision-making process (PLC, 2015). This model is crucial to understand the buyer behaviour and according bring about relevant changes that can be attractive for the purchasing party. The business to business activity is basically a change management process where the buying entities have a strong bias or dislike against changing marketing conditions. Mostly sales-related issues or dysfunctionality arises due to large and diverse buying team members that influence the overall buying decision-making process (Rajaretnam Young, 2015). The unpacking buyer behaviour framework has significant impact on the overall execution efficacy and business results of the Darwin Symphony Orchestra in the prevailing business environment. Structure description of buyer behaviour The analysis of the buying behaviour of the customer group, whether it is an individual customer or a business entity is vital for all business firms that operate in the current environment. This aspect is vital to understand whether the existence of the business is valuable or not for its customers. It is vital in the business to customer context and in the business to business context. This vital component is crucial for the Darwin Symphony Orchestras performances since based on the decision-making process of its customers the Australian orchestra group introduce the event and concert theme. It is crucial to identify and understand all the underlying structures that are involved in the entire buyer behaviour while selecting a product or service in the huge market (Salem, et al., 2013). In theoretical language, the buyer behaviour refers to the buying habits of the individual customers or a cluster of customers which includes their perception, needs and wants or desires, decision-making factor and satisfaction or delight level. Basically there are four kinds of buyer behaviour models namely economic model, learning theory model, information processing model and psychoanalytic model. For any business undertaking which is operating in the external market conditions in the present unpredictable environment, it is essential to observe and analyse the buying behaviour which keeps on changing based on their tends and needs. In case of the Darwin Symphony Orchestra, the group has effectively sustained in the ever changing musical industry due to its focus on the trend of its customer-base and its sheer determination to provide a diverse and creative performance to its different audience groups. It is vital to analyse each and every structure of the buyer behaviour model so that the business entity can understand the attitude and personality of its customers and change its style of business and operations so that it will not go out of style and will be favourable preferred by its customers(Salerno, et al., 2015). The customer purchasing behaviour is made up of a number of underlying elements like selection process, previous experience, and idea of receiving satisfying experience. The subject relating to the customer behaviour is related to all the aspects of the overall purchasing behaviour. The orchestra audiences are the ones who have a positive inclination towards creative form of arts and it is vital for the Darwin Symphony Orchestra to establish an engaging experience with its audience so that they will be able to have a participation in the specific event or performance (Wheeler Chapman-Novakofski, 2014). Recommendations for Marketing Mix in Business to Business Market The marketing mix includes the vital elements without which a business cannot be established. In case of the business to business market scenario of the Darwin Symphony Orchestra, it is vital to consider the different kinds of external and internal factors that have the ability to influence the business performance in the entire market system. The elements of the marketing mix that have been considered in the current business scenario are product/service, price, place and promotion (Tiago Verssimo, 2014). It is essential to create an effective marketing mix after considering all the features that might have any kind of impact on the business profitability of the Australian orchestra group. Product/ Service In the business to business scenario of the Darwin Symphony Orchestra this segment of marketing mix involves any kind of service that the orchestra group is offering to a business client. Example If it the orchestra band is performing in a museum set-up then the museum firm is its business partner and it might offer to promote the museum in the entire community (Trottier, 2016). Price While fixing or charging the price to a business firm, it is vital for the Darwin Symphony Orchestra group to take into consideration a number of external elements that influence the overall price structure in the market. This is a vital aspect for the orchestra otherwise it might have an adverse impact on the overall performance and profitability of the group (Tiepolo, 2015). Place As per Trottier, the place refers to the location where the business to business transition is carried out by the Darwin Symphony Orchestra and its business partner. It might be a new location where it is conducting its event or performance (Trottier, 2016). Thus it is important for the group to expand its performance base so that this element of the marketing mix can be explored further and it can enhance the overall performance and position of the Australian orchestra group. Promotion The promotion is a vital aspect in the business to business marketing scenario since there is intense competition in the current market environment. Since a number of orchestra groups have gone bankrupt and shut down their business and operations, it is important to understand the promotional strategy adopted by the Darwin Symphony Orchestra which has helped it to perform in a sustainable manner in the business to business context (Wheeler Chapman-Novakofski, 2014). The Australian orchestras focus on innovative, creative and diverse operations has helped it to sustain in the uncertain business environment. The territorial expansion of the orchestra can help it to promote its business and get more recognition in the business to business marketing scene. Darwin Symphony Orchestra application of customer behavioural theory The thorough and effective analysis of the customer behavioural theory is vital to establish a solid and productive marketing mix by the Darwin Symphony Orchestra since it affects and influence its entire operations in the market environment. The behaviour and attitude of the customers is vital since it indicates any kind of change in their taste and preference. This aspect has helped the Australian orchestra group to change the concept of its events and performances as per the changing needs and wants of its target audience group. The application of customer relationship management plays a key role to understand the changing trend in the buying behaviour of the customers. This database helps business firms to assess the loyal base of customers and accordingly helps it to target the people in the entire market so that it can expand its loyal customer base (Tiago Verssimo, 2014). The effective application of the customer behavioural theory helps the Darwin Symphony Orchestra to focus on its marketing mix, and incorporate diverse and creative events, concerts, performances that targets different age group of people including both the young section and the old section (Tiepolo, 2015). This strategy has helped the business to have an effective marketing mix model which helps it to have a sustainable growth in the ever-changing business scenario. Conclusion The vitality of the analysis of the prevailing marketing scenario of any kind of business entity is vital since the theories and concepts remain the same. In this particular case, the marketing scenario relating to the business to customer market and the business to business market of the Darwin Symphony Orchestra has been covered. This topic helps to understand the various elements that should be evaluated to dice on an effective marketing mix of the business concern. The customer behaviour is a vital theoretical concept that needs to be assessed by any business entity before making any kind of business strategic change or modification. This topic helps to identify and understand the overall business scenario which can be exploited by adopting an effective marketing strategy by a business firm. References Assefa, E., Hermes, N. and Meesters, A., 2013. Competition and the performance of microfinance institutions.Applied Financial Economics,23(9), pp.767-782. Bolton, P., Santos, T. and Scheinkman, J.A., 2016. Cream?Skimming in Financial Markets.The Journal of Finance. Charwand, M., Ahmadi, A., Heidari, A.R. and Nezhad, A.E., 2015. Benders decomposition and normal boundary intersection method for multiobjective decision making framework for an electricity retailer in energy markets.IEEE Systems Journal,9(4), pp.1475-1484. Day, R., Harris, C. and Wassink, B.K., 2013. 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Implementing a social intranet in a professional services environment through Web 2.0 technologies.The Learning Organization,21(1), pp.26-47. Hes, T. and Polednkov, A., 2013. Correction of the claim for microfinance market of 1.5 billion clients.International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (02), pp.18-31. Kumar, N., 2013. The importance of human capital in the early internationalisation of Indian knowledge-intensive service firms.International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development 2,6(1-2), pp.21-41. Kumar, N. and Nordin, F., 2014, July. SUSTAINING RELATIONSHIPS WITH CLIENTS IN KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE SERVICES CASE: INDIAN KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE FIRMS. In2014 Global Marketing Conference at Singapore(pp. 21-24). Lee, C.W., McNulty, K. and Shaffer, S., 2015. Civic-izing markets: Selling social profits in public deliberation. Democratizing Inequalities: Dilemmas of the New Public Participation. Mbawuni, J. and Nimako, S.G., 2014. 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The Effect of the Slave Trade on West Africa free essay sample

This increase was propelled by ongoing European colonization and the growth of industry in the new world, which created a great demand for labor. Consequently, the Europeans expanded the slave trade within Africa and across the Atlantic removing innumerable amounts of persons from the region of the Senegal River to Congo in West Africa. Slave trading in West Africa could be likened to a tidal wave [which] tossed people caught its turbulence in its wildly swirls currents of [social], economic and political (Cement, 13).The disadvantages of the trade far outweighed the benefits derived from it. The slave trade destroyed the fabric of West African societies. The mass depopulation of West Africa was one of the most salient effects of the slave trade as was evident in kingdoms such as Congo, Senegal, Angola, CIO, Oho and Doomed. It is estimated that between 1 700 and 1 850 some eleven million people were taken from West Africa (Cement, 12). The forced emigration of these individuals resulted not only in a reduction in population numbers but it also crippled the ability of the nations to replenish themselves.This was so as most captives were between the ages of fourteen to fifteen; the age range Of sexual maturity and potency. Consequently, there ere lower birthrates and the rate of natural growth decreased. Population numbers also decreased as a result of much mortality in slave raids and due to the maltreatment of captives. Lastly, this depopulation changed the demography of the population to one characterized by mostly, women, children and elderly men. The decline of the population also spurred the breakdown of the family structure in West Africa.In slave raids there was no regard for family ties, once an individual was seen as viable he was captured. Accordingly, many young orphans were left to fend for themselves. Furthermore, there was the erosion of the traditional nuclear family structure and the subsequent development of single parent families. Moreover, since a greater ratio of men than women were traded, there was a distortion on gender roles; for example women had to take on roles as breadwinners of the families.This disruption of the family precipitated the ultimate disintegration of communities. The slave trade expunged the community life and community spirit in some West African states. Prior to the vicious trade, West African communities were characterized by colonization among errors, happiness, subsistent living, brotherhood and love. However, as a result of the slave trade societies became corrupt; leaders were overtaken with greed and exploited their common people. Individuals became very defensive and suspicious of their own neighbors.Moreover persons became nomadic and fled from their communities to forested areas where they had a better chance of remaining free. The disruption of the communities also occurred due to the fact that the slave trade induced negative psychological effects on Africans. This trade created immeasurable levels of fear and insecurity, as well as mental instability. This occurred as there was always the looming threat of being captured in a slave raid at any point in time and at any location. Furthermore, the slave trade gave rise to alterations in the social structure of the West African societies.Prior to the trade a structure existed where the most prestigious individuals owned slaves which they used for domestic and field labor, in war and as personal assets. With in slave trade a lack of slaves for such purposes eliminated this structure. Additionally, it became much more difficult for the poor to climb the social ladder as the gap teen the rich and poor widened. State Leaders who were the main slave traders became richer while the lowly West Africans suffered losses and became poorer.Lastly, the slave trade induced an invasion of the European culture which undermined the ancient African culture. Firstly, the influx of European goods such as cloth led to a change in dress as some persons used this commodity for clothing. Furthermore, African cuisine changed slightly as imported foods like corn replaced African provision. Additionally, the rich music, dance and songs such as the grits; singing about rich men which originated in Sexagenarian, ceased in this new apprehensive environment. Certain religious institutions were perverted to meet the needs of the slaves and were defamed.Cultural development was also limited as the traditional transfer of historical stories from one generation to the next was impeded. Lastly since skilled craftsmen were captured and enslaved and those who produced art in the risky environment produced inferior types of the art, ancient art and crafts were lost. The slave trade produced minute positive social effects In West Africa. Firstly, the slave trade provided employment to hose Africans involved in the capture and trading of slaves thus contributing to improvements in persons standard of living.Furthermore, the crops brought across the Atlantic created a boost in agriculture in some states thus helping to sustain population growth and create a higher class of people in society. The social effects of the slave trade on West Africa were quite severe. While the slave trade wracked some West African economies from its inception, it was a significant source of financial gain for others. Firstly, the slave trade caused economic tragedy in that it induced the export of West Africans most valuable raw material; its human labor in a unsustainable fashion. Millions of strong, productive youthful men and women were removed from West Africa at faster rates than they could be replaced, this ultimately prevented successive generations from being able to adequately meeting their own needs and develop West Africa. The decrease in West Africans labor supply triggered the decline in agriculture. Prior to the slave trade lands were farmed for commercial and subsistence use, however during the slave trade farm land were abandoned due to the capture of the rammers and their slaves and the fleeing of persons to other area to avoid raids.Places along rivers like the Senegal River where large scale farming was practiced became danger zones where kidnapping took place. Nomads had little access to fertile land and they became susceptible to drought, farming, starvation and malnutrition. Moreover, food shortages occurred and food had to be purchased. The slave trade changed the structure of trade in West Africa, instead of trading gold, ivory bronzer, kola nuts and slaves for beds, cloth, ceramics crafts and weapons as in earlier days, Africans centered the read around trading slaves for guns, gun powder, iron textiles and alcohol. Moreover, the kings and slave kidnappers became the main beneficiaries of the slave trade who supplied the product which was in high demand. Unfortunately, the goods of the other West African decreased in popularity and these persons felt a great economic strain. Accordingly, the uneven distribution of wealth in that period was clearly defined. Furthermore, when goods like iron and baskets were still in high demand markets for local craftsmen were lost as African merchants imported the same goods these people made for example, cloth, iron, pots and hoes.Moreover, the trade of slaves and the purchase of inferior goods undermined local industries like the salt producing industry, the mining industry and metal works. During that period West Africans no longer wanted to take part in internal trade or intra- African trade and external trade with the Europeans grew. One devastating effect of the slave trade was that the West Africans practiced monoculture where they relied almost exclusive ly upon slaves as a main crop. Moreover any decline in the product was accompanied by a decline in a nations economy.For example in the 1 sass when war broke out in Oho, the trade was reduced and the states income was reduced dramatically. Furthermore, when the Europeans attempted to end the human trafficking in the 18th century this created grave strains on the economies of the chief states involved in the trade ;Shanty, Doomed, Benign, Guiana, Ghana coast and Congo. Lastly, the slave trade weakened the economic potential of many African communities by throwing them off the path of development. Constant tribal wars, raids and frequent kidnappings exhausted communities and led to the stagnation of some economies.Moreover, the slave created a sense of insecurity in some communities which discouraged incentive and economic enterprise which would have stimulated development. The slave trade procured significant positive economic result. Many West African nations acquired considerable wealth as a direct result of the slave trade. For example, the Shanty Kingdom which became a major exporter of slave grew and developed as due to the profits derived from the trade. Furthermore, the slave trade stimulated the growth and development of States such as Doomed, another large scale trader.These nations had a sure market for heir export crop and while their foreign exchange increased they were able to market themselves to the outside world. Lastly, the local Africans also gained revenue from the slave trade. African rulers captured slaves, sold them to slave specialists, specialists African and Afro-European slaves conveyed the slaves to the coasts where European activity was centered along their trading forts. Revenue also came from rent and taxes the Europeans were made to pay for their occupation of land space and buildings along the West African coast. The slave trade also affected African politics. The political Structure of most West African states was made up of various tribes which comprised kingdoms led by kings. Although the tribes were engaged in tribal wars prior to the slave trade to expand their tribes and present;e themselves, the trade instigated the increase of these wars. The great demand for slaves changed the motive of those who engaged in tribal wars. Leaders driven by greed now planned wars solely for the capture of large amounts of slave for export. The Europeans did not capture their own victims but rather influenced the capture of slaves.For example in Angola they stirred up warfare between the kingdoms of Kong and Mongo which provided sufficient captives for the trade. Additionally, the slave trade induced the rise of professional armies, crime and violence with the rise in import of firearms and ammunition. These weapons were used in raids and wars to capture slaves, moreover tribal wars became more bloody and brutal and ended in more fatalities. The slave trade instigated the break down of leadership and led to the corruption of political institution and systems of government.Some local kings, who saw the trade as profitable, increased slave raids and forsook their roles as leaders to become business partners with the Europeans. In some cases the leaders even amended the laws and policies of their states and placed minor offenses in the same category as major crimes punishable by slavery just so they could sell their own people into slavery. Military skills in some areas became more important than the traditional political system. Accordingly, the breakdown of leadership in West Africa retarded the overall development of the region due to the in surmountable political instability which occurred. Furthermore, attention leaders were captured or killed before their talents and skills were cultivated. Furthermore, the slave trade precipitated transliteration as persons were forcibly removed from their traditional tribal structure in raids and war thus leading to the disintegration of tribes. Lastly, the slave trade was detrimental in that it lent the rise of some kingdoms and the fall of others. Predator states such as Benign, and Doomed and Shanty waged wars and acquired the strength to expand and impose their authority upon their neighbors as a result of the vast economic prosperity acquired in slave raiding.For example, Shanty fought with costal kingdoms on both its north and south to obtain direct trade with the Europeans. Small communities which were neighbors to the expanding states suffered greatly and some of them disappeared completely as their lands were overtaken by their more powerful rivals. The political benefits were derived by only the large expanding states such as Oho which was able to attain political status globally. Hilary Buckles and Verne Shepherd described the slave trade as a reign of terror unleashed upon the African Continent.The effect of this terror was magnified in West Africa where millions of slaves were exported.

The Potency of Talisay as Ink free essay sample

INTRODUCTION Dyes have become part of daily living. Whats great about dyes is that they give variety to everything. Even the earliest humans used dyes to put color into their worlds, and they even used the most peculiar sources of the colors. Since then, dyes have dominated different kinds of industries. Before, dye manufacturers were only able to produce one color at a time. But now, dyes come in different colors and types as well. Dyes today are easier to use compared to earlier forms of dyes, because previous dye makers got their materials from animals, minerals, or any other common things that were never thought could produce colors. This study is stimulated by queries such as how colored substances got their color and how do these colors last on fabrics. This investigation aims to explore the possibility of coming up with an effective product from recycled materials through the use of talisay extract to produce dye. We will write a custom essay sample on The Potency of Talisay as Ink or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The talisay Fruit is smooth and ellipsoid, 3 to 6 centimeters long, and prominently bi-ridged or keeled down to the sides. Pericarp is fibrous and fleshy, the endocarp hard. Leaves are shiny, obviate, 10 to 25 centimeters long, tapering below to a narrow and heart-shaped base with a expanded rounded apex. When the fruit is chewed it produces a red-bitter substance can produce a dye. Statement of the Problem This research study aims to produce a dye from talisay. And seeks to answer the following sub questions: 1. What are the chemical contents of Talisay which makes it as an effective dye? 2. What processes should talisay undergo to be an effective dye? 3. What are the significant difference of talisay dye from the commercial dye in terms of: a. Color b. Texture c. Cost Hypotheses: Alternative: There is a significant difference between dye from talisay and the commercial dye. Null: There is no significant difference between dye from talisay and the commercial dye. Significance of the study This research study aims to produce fabric dye from talisay fruit without wasting much time and money. This is very useful because talisay is known to produce a red substance that can be a useful dye. This study helps to produce a dye that is cheaper and economic friendly dye. Conceptual Framework Scope and Limitation This study will be conducted at the researcher’s residence, Bari Mangaldan, Pangasinan. This study focuses on frequent users of fabric dye. It is to be presented to ages 10 and above. Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Talisay T. catappa is widely grown in tropical regions of the world as an ornamental tree, grown for the deep shade its large leaves provide. The fruit is edible, tasting slightly acidic. The wood is red and solid, and has high water resistance; it has been used in Polynesia for making canoes. In Tamil, almond is known nattuvadumai. The leaves contain several flavonoids (such as kaempferol or quercetin), several tannins (such as punicalin, punicalagin or tercatin), saponines andphytosterols. Due to this chemical richness, the leaves (and the bark) are used in different herbal medicines for various purposes. For instance in Taiwan, fallen leaves are used as an herb to treat liver diseases. In Suriname, a tisane made from the leaves is prescribed against dysentery anddiarrhea. The leaves may contain agents for prevention of cancers (although they have no demonstrated ant carcinogenic properties) and antioxidants, as well as anticlastogenic characteristics. Extracts of T. catappa have shown activity against Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine (CQ)-resistant (FcB1) and CQ-sensitive (HB3) strains. Keeping the leaves in an aquarium may lower the pH and heavy metal content of the water. It has been used in this way by fish breeders for many years, and is active against some parasites and bacterial pathogens. ] It is also believed to help prevent fungus forming on the eggs of the fish http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Terminalia_catappa Uses Edibility / Nutrition Kernels are edible, with a sweet-acidic pericarp. Seeds are a good source of minerals; in descending order: potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium. Folkloric Red leaves are used to expel worms. Fruit is said to be purgative. Leaves mixed with oil are rubbed onto the breast to relieve mammary pain. Bark is used for gastric ailments, bilious diarrhea and dysentery. The sap of young leaves mixed with the kernel oil has been used for the treatment of leprosy. Bark decoction has been used for the treatment of gonorrhea and stomach cramps. Leaves are applied to rheumatic joints. Juice of young leaves used for scabies and other cutaneous diseases, headaches and colic. Leaves macerated in oil has been used for tonsillitis. In Sri Lankan folklore, juice of tender leaves used for pains, including headaches. In India, the bark is used as a diuretic and cardiotonic; leaves used for headache. In Nigeria, leaves macerated in palm oil used for tonsillitis; stems and bark used for sexual dysfunction. Seeds have been used for sexual dysfunction. Others Kernel contains a fixed oil, 51-63% called Indian Almond oil, oil of Badamier, or in the Philippines, as Talisay oil. Studies †¢ Antioxidant / Hepatoprotective: Study of leaf extracts of TC and an isolated antioxidant, corilagin, was found to provide hepatoprotection in experimentally induced liver injury through suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis. †¢ Anti-Inflammatory: Topical application of ethanol and chloroform extracts of leaves in induced acute and chronic ear edema in mice showed reduced inflammation. †¢ Antimicrobial: Study of the methanolic extracts of leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Terminalia catappa showed inhibitory activity on B subtilis and S aureus. Phytochemical analysis yielded saponin, saponin glycosides, steroid, cardiac glycoside, tannins, volatile oils, phenols and balsam (gum). †¢ Antimetastatic: Study showed extract of TC leaves exerted an inhibitory effect on invasion and motility of highly metastatic lung carcinoma cells. It suggests TCE could be a potential antimetastatic agent. †¢ Antinociceptive: Study of the leaf extract of TC concludes that it is useful as an analgesic, supporting it folkloric use in Sri Lanka. †¢ Squalene / Antioxidant: Squalene was identified from the leaf extract of TC. The extract of leaves exhibited potent antioxidative and scavenging activities. †¢ Anti-Diabetic: Study of petroleum ether, methanol and aqueous extracts of T catappa all produced significant antidiabetic activity at dose levels 1/5 of their lethal doses. Histological studies of the pancreas earlier necrosed by alloxan showed regeneration by methanolic and aqueous extracts. †¢ Anti-Diabetic: Damage to pancreas in alloxan-treated diabetic control and regeneration of ? -cells by glibenclamide was observed. A comparable regeneration was noted with aqueous and cold extracts. †¢ Aphrodisiac: Reports of Terminalia catappa seeds showing aphrodisiac activities in male rates. †¢ Anti-inflammatory / Triterpenic Acids: Study of ethanolic extract of leaves yielded triterpenic acids responsible for the antiinflammatory activity of T catappa leaves. †¢ Antiparasitic / Antibacterial / Antifungal: Study looked into T catappa as an alternative to the use of chemicals and antibiotics in the aquaculture industry. Results showed eradication of Trichodina, fish ectoparasites, at 800 ppm. Ongoing research is being done to isolate the active ingredients in the Indian almond for fish pathogen treatment. †¢ Antibacterial / Ornamental Fish Culture: Study evaluated the concentration of tannin, an antimicrobial substance, in a water extract of leaves and it’s in vitro antibacterial activity against bacteria isolated from aquatic animals. Results indicated a potential for use as antibacterial alternative for ornamental fish culture. †¢ Oil / Biodiesel Potential: Study of castanhola in Brazil showed the oil obtained from the fruit kernels to yield around 49% (%mass). The fatty acid composition was similar to other conventional oils. Study of physiochemical properties of the TC biodiesel showed to be in acceptable range for use as in dieselengines. †¢ Livestock Feed: The mesocarp of T catappa contain major nutrients of carbohydrate, oil and metal ions (Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, and Zn) provide for biochemical activities required for livestock feed formulation. †¢ Antidiabetic: Study reports the leaf extracts exhibited significant blood glucose lowering in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats. †¢ Anthelmintic: Study of TC leaves showed anthelmintic activity through inhibition of motility and survivability of larvae of T. colubriforis, C curticei and H. contortus. †¢ Hepatoprotective / D-Galactosamine / Radical Scavenging: TC leaf extract showed hepatoprotective effect against D-Galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced liver injury. There was dose-dependent inhibition of mitrochondrial swelling with dose-dependent superoxide radicals scavenging activity. †¢ Antimicrobial: Study demonstrated antimicrobial activity, more pronounced against bacteria than fungal strains. †¢ Nutritional Properties of Seed and Oil: Seeds were found to be a good source of minerals. Oil contains high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic and linoleic acids. Dominant saturated acids were palmitic and stearic acids. Oil extracts exhibited good physiochemical properties and a potential usefulness as edible oils and industrial applications. †¢ Erythropoiesis Enhancement: Study evaluated the potential of Terminalia catappa to induce erythropoiesis in adult Balb C mice. A methanolic extract of T. catappa exhibited erythropoietic potential, inducing production of hemoglobin higher than untreated control. †¢ Toxicological Study / Leaves: Study evaluated three different doses of T. catappa crude aqueous extract in two stages of toxicity. Results showed no toxicological effects on Sprague-Dawley white rats in a 14-day experimental period. †¢ Antinociceptive / Leaves: Study of an aqueous extract of leaves showed analgesic activity which may be mediated through both central and peripheral mechanisms. †¢ Antifungal / Leaves: Study evaluated ethanol and methanol leaf extracts of T. catappa and T. arjuna for in-vitro antifungal activity against A. niger, A. alternata, C. lunata and T. tonsurans. Both showed antifungal activities, with T. arjuna showing better efficacy. Methanol extract showed best activity with Curvularia lunata. †¢ Antibacterial / Leaves: Study evaluated methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of T. catappa leaves and bark for antibacterial activity against clinical (sensitive and MDR) and ATCC strains of E. coli, K. pneumonia, and MRSA Staphylococcus aureus. Bark extracts showed better activity compared to the leaves extracts, and the methanolic extract the most active of all the extracts. †¢ Hepatoprotective / Leaves / CCl4-Induced Toxicity / Triterpenoids: Study evaluated a chloroform extract of leaves on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage and D-galactosamine induced injury. The chloroform extracts yielded ursolic acid and asiatic acid, which dose-dependently inhibited Ca2++-induced mitrochondrial swelling. The hepatoprotective activity attributed to protection of the liver mitrochondria and scavenging action of free radicals. †¢ Natural Anti-solar Agent / Fruit: Study evaluated the UV absorption ability of a methanol extract of fruit of Terminalia catappa as an application as anti-solar agent. Results showed maximum absorbance at 200nm, good absorbance at 240nm to 300 nm, and moderate absorbance at 300-360nm. †¢ Antitumor / Leaves: Study evaluated the effect of a methanolic extract of leaves of T. catappa against Ehrlich ascitic lymphoma (ELA) in Swiss albino mice. Results showed significant antitumor activity, with the extract bringing back the altered levels of hematological parameters and liver enzymes. http://www. stuartxchange. com/Talisay. html Dye A dye is a colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied. The dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution, and requires a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber. Both dyes and pigments appear to be colored because they absorb some wavelengths of light more than others. In contrast with a dye, a pigment generally is insoluble, and has no affinity for the substrate. Some dyes can be precipitated with an inert salt to produce a lake pigment, and based on the salt used they could be aluminum lake, calcium lake or barium lake pigments. Dyed flax fibers have been found in the Republic of Georgia dated back in a prehistoric cave to 36,000 BP. Archaeological evidence shows that, particularly in India and Phoenicia, dyeing has been widely carried out for over 5,000 years. The dyes were obtained from animal, vegetable or mineral origin, with none to very little processing. By far the greatest source of dyes has been from the plant kingdom, notably roots, berries, bark, leaves and wood, but only a few have ever been used on a commercial scale. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Dye One of the big draws to Perfect World is character customization. What better way to continue that customization than to give your character their own sense of fashion. While there is a wide assortment of styles available in the boutique, you may not always get a color that appeal to you. Luckily, there are Dyes, or Pigments, available to change the color of your clothes. http://pwi-wiki. perfectworld. com/index. php/Dye_Information Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals. The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources –roots, berries, bark, leaves, and wood—and other organic sources such as fungi and lichens. Archaeologists have found evidence of textile dyeing dating back to the Neolithic period. In China, dyeing with plants, barks and insects has been traced back more than 5,000 years. The essential process of dyeing changed little over time. Typically, the dye material is put in a pot of water and then the textiles to be dyed are added to the pot, which is heated and stirred until the color is transferred. Textile fibre may be dyed before spinning(dyed in the wool), but most textiles are yarn-dyed or piece-dyed after weaving. Many natural dyes require the use of chemicals called mordants to bind the dye to the textile fibres; tannin from oak galls, salt, natural alum, vinegar, and ammonia from stale urine were used by early dyers. Many mordants, and some dyes themselves, produce strong odors, and large-scale dyeworks were often isolated in their own districts. Throughout history, people have died their textiles using common, locally available materials, but scarce dyestuffs that produced brilliant and permanent colors such as the natural invertebrate dyes, Tyrian purple and crimson kermes, became highly prized luxury items in the ancient and medieval world. Plant-based dyes such as woad (Isatis tinctoria), indigo, saffron, and madder were raised commercially and were important trade goods in the economies of Asia and Europe. Across Asia and Africa, patterned fabrics were produced using resist dyeing techniques to control the absorption of color in piece-dyed cloth. Dyes such as cochineal and logwood (Haematoxylum campechianum) were brought to Europe by the Spanish treasure fleets, and the dyestuffs of Europe were carried by colonists to America. The discovery of man-made synthetic dyes in the mid-19th century triggered a long decline in the large-scale market for natural dyes. Synthetic dyes, which could be produced in large quantities, quickly superseded natural dyes for the commercial textile production enabled by the industrial revolution, and unlike natural dyes, were suitable for the synthetic fibers that followed. Artists of the Arts and Crafts Movement preferred the pure shades and subtle variability of natural dyes, which mellow with age but preserve their true colors, unlike early synthetic dyes,and helped ensure that the old European techniques for dyeing and printing with natural dyestuffs were preserved for use by home and craft dyers. Natural dyeing techniques are also preserved by artisans in traditional cultures around the world. In the early 21st century, the market for natural dyes in the fashion industry is experiencing resurgence. Western consumers have become more concerned about the health and environmental impact of synthetic dyes in manufacturing and there is a growing demand for products that use natural dyes. The European Union, for example, has encouraged Indonesian batik cloth producers to switch to natural dyes to improve their export market in Europe. Chapter III METHODOLOGY Methodology contains the research design, the variables and materials, procedures in data gathering, the experimental flowchart of the study and statistical treatment used. Research Design This research study will be using completely randomized design (CRD). And this research design will test the potency of Talisay terminalia cattapa as an effective fabric dye. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and T-test will be utilized and statistical tools to test the significant difference of the talisay fabric sye and the commercial dye. Materials and Equipment Casserole Bowl Stove Mortar and Pestle Strainer Talisay Procedures First you must prepare all the materials needed. After preparing, extract the coloring. If you will use leaves, extract it by sleeping it into half cup of hot water. If roots of talisay will be used as coloring, grind it in the mortar and pestle then cover with half cup of hot water. And if you will use Annatto seeds, extract it by covering with half cup of hot water. After extracting separate the dye from the solid particles by pouring it to the strainer. Add 2 teaspoon of alum into the coloring in a bowl. Add 3 teaspoon of cassava starch. Heat the casserole in the stove and pour the solution if the casserole is already hot. Stir until it becomes sticky. If it is sticky enough remove the casserole in the stove and wait for it to cool. If it hot anymore, you can transfer it in the container. Variables Independent: Talisay fruit and Extraxt Dependent: Fabric Dye Control: Commercial Dye

Harrison Bergeron Theme Analysis Essay Example

Harrison Bergeron Theme Analysis Essay Example Harrison Bergeron Theme Analysis Paper Harrison Bergeron Theme Analysis Paper Harrison Bergeron Analysis This clear inequality teen them is unfair and creates competition, so the government decides to place a noise machine in Georges ear which will go off every so often to keep him from thinking too hard. Hazel, on the other hand, doesnt have to wear any such devise. As it turns out, this couple has a son named Harrison, however when he was younger he was so overly talented that they couldnt restrain him with normal ways, so the Handicapper General (the organization in charge of making all equal) decided to imprison him, as they believed he was planning a government overthrow at the age f 14. At the present day George and Hazel are relaxing watching some restrained ballerinas perform poorly when a government announcement interrupts the show. Harrison has escaped prison, and surprise surprise, hes at the ballerina show. He rips of the hundreds of pounds of restraints, his mask, and all of the other restraints, and he declares himself emperor. He then claims one of the ballerinas as him empress and they dance together in an unbelievably beautiful fashion, culminating with an extended kiss in which they ignore gravity. Finally theyre shot with a shotgun by the Handicapper General and they die. George and Hazel shortly afterwards forget what was sad on the television. There are many themes which this short story brings up in order to make the reader question how far he or she wishes government control to go. These themes include equality, competition, and censorship. However they can all be summed up into one theme statement. : To restrict the freedom and hide the talents of the gifted in order to stop unfair competition ends up benefiting body, as it creates a society in which nobody works to improve the world, the untalented get even more untalented, and rights which equality should protect end up being destroyed by censorship. As demonstrated by George Burgeon perfectly, all those with an unfair talent are handicapped and prevented from showcasing their talent properly. While this does end up keeping the smart from beating out the dumb, it also prevents society from improving. When George has a thought about maybe not handicapping ballerinas so the show improves, it is immediately pushed way by his ear handicap. Hence, a potentially beneficial idea is shut down before it can even be discuss. In addition to harming society by not allowing potentially beneficial ideas to be discussed, these handicaps Just make the dumb dumber. Although many people arent mentally talented, they can improve their capabilities through hard work and education from people such as teachers and parents. Despite never being able to match those naturally more gifted then them, people would be able to become educated and capable of critical thinking. As is evidenced by Hazel, none of this improvement happens in 2081. She in no way would be considered average today, as she constantly forgets things and never thinks for herself, resulting in a below average thinker never improving, and therefore being less capable of deep thoughts then todays below average IQ person, who can improve his or her abilities. By creating equality many believe this would be the ultimate fulfillment of natural rights, not say in this scenario. Rights which are treasured in modern day society are rumpled upon, most notably free speech. The way in which people are made average in this world requires those who think not to do so, and when something happens to initiate a thought, a television station is temporarily shut down or a noise is sent through the brain. Freedom of expression is not allowed, as anyone who questions the system is thrown in Jail, such as Harrison. This story is all about how far one is willing to go to achieve equality, and the slippery slope scenario which it poses it quite frightening.

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Research Paper

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Research Paper Example Under the new law, children are no longer denied of the coverage based on pre-existing conditions (NCSL, 2012). They will be considered beneficiaries of parents until they will reach the age of 26. The healthcare reform has nationalized its system at the cost of $940 billion (NCSL, 2012). Such amount is exacted from budget cuts, taxation and government funding (Gravelle, 2010). On a positive note, it was perceived to have reduced the national fiscal deficiency by $1.2 trillion (NCSL, 2012). This was perceived as the strategic resolution to provide remedy to the serious concern about 32 million Americans who have no health insurance (NCSL, 2012) notwithstanding critique from other stakeholders that changes will also potentially impact to medicare system and the need for hospitals to cope with the increasing demand of health consumers as budget for national services are rationalized by the state. Healthcare subscribers still need to realize though that preventive health measure remains necessary since Obamacare program is designed as a government’s response to bridge the gaps on financial resources in case of hospitalization. Its appreciable still to note that central to this healthcare reform is the gender non-discrimination clause in its policy; restriction enforced to pre-need companies to make them customer-centered in providing insurance benefits; obliging insurance companies to justify any increase of insurance fees; availability of option to avail healthcare in accordance to their income bracket and nature of employment (NCSL, 2012). The co-payments for domestic violence screening, birth control and related expenses are no longer allowed (NCSL, 2012). Annual and lifetime limits for caring for the patients are already removed and micro-businesses will enjoy tax credits if their workers are afforded with insurance. Notwithstanding these positive reforms, there are still those who categorized that the Obamacare remains favorable to the affluent or the moneyed middle class who could save more from the healthcare benefits. They opined that there are still about 25% of entrepreneurs that are uninsured, 50% are dependent on their respective family, and there are about 60% with private insurance enjoy incomes at about 400% above the poverty level (NCSL, 2012). These affluent will qualify for tax credits other than the fact that it can subsidize healthcare to 83% small business owners that are currently considered not insured (NCSL, 2012). Department of Healthcare and Family expectations of Obama care for state of Illinois The Institute of Medicine (IOM) have already provided directives for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)Â  pertaining to essential benefits of mandatory insurance under the health reform law's insurance exchanges (NCSL, 2012). Medical experts observed that the report and directive did not listed specific medical services to be covered by premiums of insurers but it recommended a framework to define the minimum benefits that can be generated under the insurance policy (NCSL, 2012). DoH acknowledged that the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was the most comprehensive changes to the provision of health insurance since the development of Medicare and Medicaid by requiring all Americans to have health insurance by 2016 (NCSL, 2012).

Digital tools and effective strategies for taking notes and for Research Paper

Digital tools and effective strategies for taking notes and for learning content - Research Paper Example These tools include mobile phones, games based on knowledge among other software, programming, tablets, laptops, desktops, computers, applications, voice and video recorders, televisions, radios, and online learning. Additionally, the internet as at large which has different dockets for example the social media, Wikipedia and many more digital tools (Di, 2014). There are several applications that are downloaded on our mobile phones, computers, laptops, desktops which have functions both for note taking and content learning. Google notebook is a good example of a web-based note taking application. The Google application includes a labeling, a rich-text editor and Google bookmarks (Di, 2014). Evernote is another application that is suitable for note taking. Evernote is a cross-platform worldwide seizure application which is free. Evernote has a support for text, images, tagging, audio. This mobile application offers seamless capturing of information (Di, 2014). The internet and the social media is a good digital source of content learning. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube are some of the social media networks that are good sources of information. The social media are a platform of informing people of the current trends in the world. YouTube and for example Google are a good sources of learning information too. Both voice and video recorders are important ways of taking information and also a good storage source. These types of information from the recorders are always firsthand information and are not altered (John, 2008). Snap chat and screenshots are another ways of notes keeping that are used by many people currently. Screenshots are taken from mobile phones and are a very fast way to keep the information learnt for future references. Games for both mobile and computer are an excellent way of learning that was discovered recently. Games promote conceptual understanding. For example the